The 2022 report reinforces the cruise industry’s credentials as an innovator and early adopter of environmental technologies. Examples cited include the increasing number of vessels launching over the new few years that will be able to incorporate zero-emissions propulsion when available as well as the growing investment to equip ships to plug in to shoreside electricity where available. In fact, more than 15% of the vessels to be launched in the next five years will be equipped to incorporate fuel cells or batteries, and 85% of CLIA-member ships coming online between now and 2028 will be able to plug in to shoreside electricity, allowing engines to switch off at berth for significant emissions reduction. Despite progress made, the report makes clear that a transition to sustainable marine fuels remains essential to achieving the maritime industry’s decarbonization goals and underscores the urgent need for governments to support research efforts to accelerate development of these fuels so that they are safe, viable and available for use at scale. To that end, CLIA is a supporting organization to the Getting to Zero Coalition’s Call to Action for Decarbonization of Shipping. This support is in addition to the leadership of its individual cruise line members and their partnerships with a number of other coalitions and organizations that are working to find critical decarbonisation solutions. The industry’s commitment to pursue net-zero carbon cruising by 2050, announced earlier this year, is consistent with the target set by the Paris Agreement, and is supported by the industry’s intermediary objective to reduce the rate of carbon by 40% across the global fleet by 2030.

This report focuses specifically on explaining the relevance of skills to enable the green transformation in the industrial sector, understood broadly to comprise not only manufacturing but also other productive sectors. In particular, it examines what upcoming trends in greening the industry in developing countries imply for the necessary skills, what kind of skills and competencies are expected to play a role in greening the industry, and what interventions may be necessary to develop such skills. Lastly, drawing on experiences with such interventions in developing countries, it highlights what the pre-requisites are for implementing effective skill development programs and for scaling them up. This report focuses on necessary interventions to improve existing green skills and/or to develop new skills in order to meet the demand created by greening the economy also in the context of other major transformations, such as digitalization. It stresses that the effectiveness of these skill development programs depends not only on the set of policies aimed at deploying green technologies and at building knowledge related to the transition to a green economy. Much more important is the process by which policies and interventions are implemented across sectors. Specifically, several guidelines emerge as important for stakeholders involved in skill development programs: Policy coherence between green skills development programs and other policy goals through a systematic process of stakeholder consultations Close coordination of goals and interventions across sectors and stakeholders (at national but also at regional and even at global level) Solid empirical base on existing green jobs and green skills Systematic mechanisms for green skills forecasting to anticipate future needs in terms of skills development interventions Monitoring and evaluation of outcomes. The report underlines that the private sector should be seen as a central player in green skills development programs. Therefore, the above pre-requisites emphasize the need for firms to be active participants not only in implementing such programs, but also in the policy-making process. Other stakeholders, such as civil society, trade unions, development agencies and international financial institutions are also important players in designing and implementing training programs, especially when it comes to green skills.

ost of the businesses operating in the tourism industry are small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This is especially true in small island destinations, where many SMEs often depend financially on tourism. This paper investigates what characteristics tourism SMEs that survived the COVID-19 pandemic in Bali have. This study uses a deductive approach to describe the characteristics of the surviving tourism SMEs in Bali. The data were obtained through conducting qualitative semi-structured interviews with 15 business owners and managers of tourism SMEs in Bali, Indonesia. The data was analyzed through a thematic analysis. The analysis found five distinct categories shared among most of the tourism SMEs interviewed. From these five categories, five main characteristics behind the survival of the SMEs were derived: 1. minimizing variable costs, 2.focus on promotional activities, 3. bonding network, 4. owning property, and 5.creating new products and/or services.

Although many studies have explored business resilience during crisis, most subjects are large companies with abundant resources. Hardly any research has explored how small and medium companies with limited resources overcome crisis. This study aims to fill this void by investigating the process of resilience and transformation of small firms during and post-COVID-19. The multiple case study method was applied under the framework of entrepreneur mindset, adaptive capacity, and social capital. Small hostels in Thailand and their reaction towards COVID-19 are explored as they were hugely impacted by the pandemic. Four hostels were selected as representative cases of business resilience during September 2020–2021. The results show that these hostels managed to utilize bonding social capital to reshape the business in the short term. In response to the prolonging of the COVID-19 pandemic, bridging social capital was employed to develop a new business model and business sustainability. The entrepreneur mindset is essential for succeeding in the proposed business and helping the owner to be aware of and engage with specific social capital. The entrepreneur mindset also helped to create trust between owner and staff, which enhances adaptive capacity in the firm for resilience and transformation of the business. The findings can guide SMEs to become aware of having a good entrepreneur mindset as well as to utilize their social capital and create business innovation and sustainability to survive the crisis. This study aims to explore the mechanism and factors that successfully drive specific small companies to transform themselves despite their limited resources. The findings will benefit SMEs by providing recommendations for business resilience and post-COVID-19 recovery. The tourism industry in Thailand is examined because the industry vastly contributes to Thailand economy and was largely impacted by COVID-19. The Thai tourism sector created 36 million jobs between 2014 and 2019. The tourism sector contributes to 15 percent of Thailand’s GDP. Since March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic and its related restrictions have almost ceased all international tourist arrivals. Passengers on international flights to Thailand dropped by 95 percent in September 2021, compared to the previous year. The Thai Hotels Association conducted a survey with 128 responses in March 2021. The occupancy rate decreased from 30% to 5%, and 80% of the hotels temporarily shut down. The object of this study is a small hostel in Thailand. This is because of two reasons. Firstly, the business size of most hostels is small and medium. The number of rooms is between 4 and 50 rooms and the majority are run by one business owner. Secondly, hostels were highly impacted by both COVID-19 and adaptation strategies of hotels. Losing revenue from foreign tourists, most hotels lowered the price to a level that was close to the hostel price to attract local people. It could be said that hostels in Thailand were small companies with a limited budget that struggled considerably because of the pandemic and rising number of competitors. Thus, the surviving hostels and their resilience mechanism are worth exploring.

This research article examines the impact of disruptive digital technologies on hospitality and tourism education (HTE) in Malaysia. With the rapid advancement of digital technologies and the emergence of the sharing economy, the hospitality and tourism industry faces new challenges and opportunities. This study aims to address the strategic industry challenge of developing new education frameworks for curriculum development in HTE. The research investigates the key digital literacy and employability skills required by students and educators, as well as industry practitioners’ perspectives on the digital technology needs of the Malaysian hospitality and tourism industry in an emerging digital economy. The findings highlight the importance of integrating digital technology skills, such as mobile technologies, automation, cloud technology, and big data, into HTE curriculum development. Industry practitioners emphasize the need for both hard and soft skills, operational and strategic skills, and the ability to adapt to disruptive innovations such as the sharing economy, virtual and augmented reality, artificial intelligence, and blockchain. The study proposes an innovative technologies framework for curriculum development in HTE, aligning with the Malaysia Education Blueprint’s emphasis on excellence in higher education and the demands of the digital environment. This research contributes to the development of education frameworks that equip graduates with the necessary skills to thrive in the digitally-focused hospitality and tourism industry. Further research is recommended to validate and refine the findings and engage relevant stakeholders in shaping the future of HTE in Malaysia.

The Report aims to promote resource efficiency in tourism and encourage the implementation of sustainable consumption and production (SCP) patterns. It highlights the importance of decoupling tourism growth from the use of natural resources in order to contribute effectively to sustainable development. It aims to inspire stakeholders to integrate SCP into tourism policies and advance the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The report provides a global assessment of SCP policy instruments in national tourism, visualizes progress towards SDG Target 12.b, and recommends strategic approaches to promote sustainable tourism, including using the SDGs as a framework, incorporating SCP policy instruments, measuring SCP regularly, utilizing geospatial data, and embracing innovative approaches such as circularity. The target population is the stakeholders involved in the tourism sector, including policymakers, tourism industry professionals, and organizations. The problem addressed is the need for sustainable consumption and production patterns in the tourism sector. With the anticipated growth in international tourist arrivals, there is a concern about the sector’s impact on natural resources. The intervention aims to decouple the sector’s growth from resource use and contribute effectively to sustainable development. The Report utilizes research and assessment tools to gain insights into the integration of sustainable consumption and production (SCP) into tourism policies. It analyzes 101 national tourism policies from around the world to assess the existing SCP policy instruments. The report also contributes to the monitoring of sustainable development impacts of tourism through the development and implementation of tools, as called for by SDG Target 12.b. The report also provides a comprehensive assessment of SCP policy instruments in national tourism, aiming to inform and influence policy decisions and actions in the tourism sector worldwide. The report inspires stakeholders in tourism to implement sustainable practices aligned with the SDGs, promoting long-term environmental, social, and economic sustainability. It assesses 101 national tourism policies, identifying gaps and opportunities for integrating sustainable consumption and production (SCP). This informs policymakers and allows them to develop effective policies, reducing the sector’s environmental impact. The report visualizes progress towards SDG Target 12.b, enabling stakeholders to monitor and measure sustainable practices, identify areas for improvement, and make informed decisions. It recommends five strategic approaches, including using the SDGs as a framework and embracing circularity, providing practical pathways for stakeholders to align actions with sustainable consumption and production.

The report focuses on the future of sustainable fuel for the aviation. The paper therefore explores the opportunities and implications of SAFs for tourism destinations. But first, some basic information about what SAFs are, how they are made and why they are labelled as ‘sustainable’

This paper analyses policies and practices designed to support digital transformation in the tourism workforce in six OECD countries, namely Germany, Greece, Iceland, New Zealand, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Data for the project were gathered via a questionnaire survey, interviews with key informants and examination of various policy documents in 2021. Contrasting practice in relation to digital skills development is revealed. Significant deficiencies are evident in relation to the availability of high-quality data, evaluation, understanding, leadership, and infrastructure among the six countries. One of the most striking findings from this study is the poor quality of sector-specific national evidence available to tourism policymakers in several of the countries studied. Policy responses in five relied on broadly based tourism workforce data with any specific content on digital skills supply and demand coming from largely informal liaison or insight from trade or industry groupings, sometimes mediated through DMOs. Where policy responses on current workforce digital skills gaps were said by policy-leads to have been evidence-based, the supporting intelligence was found usually to be limited to largely anecdotal information, often from a small number of contributors. Public policy responses to digital transformation in tourism are not widespread, at least not in OECD countries. The quality of policy innovation in each of the targted countries remains constrained. Even among developed economies where tourism is a structurally important part of the economy, the actions undertaken generally lack cohesion and are commonly fragmented, not long established and often small in scale. Although details varied depending upon the individual political and economic circumstances and traditions of each country, there was a remarkable amount of similarity of key dimensions. Perhaps most conspicuous among these was the poor quality of national data on emerging skills needs commonly available to tourism policymakers. Deficiencies of data were compounded by weaknesses in how policies for digital transformation in tourism were conceived and implemented. Each country revealed an array of actors, often with conflicting agenda, intervening to influence business behaviour in a manner that lacked the coherence and integration advocated in the policymaking literature. Many of the policy responses, moreover, were not targeted specifically at tourism businesses, causing a particular impediment for skills adjustment support reaching tourism SMEs who were characteristically the most lagging in digitalisation uptake, understanding or capacity to transform. Ineffective institutional structures, fragmented funding regimes and poor infrastructure also collide to limit digital progress.